To explore the feasibility of an improved three-chamber social device to evaluate the degree of animal social preference.Methods:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) rats were used as social disorder model animals，and Wistar-Kyoto(WKY) rats and Wistar rats were used as control group.The model group received Xiaoer Huanglong granules，a commonly used clinical traditional Chinese medicine for ADHD，at doses of 1.88 g/kg and 3.75 g/kg via gavage for 16 days.An improved three-chamber social apparatus was employed，and the time，frequency，distance and proportion of rats in the area with close communication and the area with unfamiliar rat side were used as behavioral indicators to test the feasibility of this method for evaluating social behavior.Results:Compared with the Wistar rat group，the rats in the model group and the WKY rat group showed a significant decrease in the time spent in the close interaction area and the unfamiliar rat side area(P<0.01).Other indicators，such as frequency，distance and proportion，were also reduced to varying degrees.Both high and low doses of Xiaoer huanglong granules increased the values of these indicators in the model rats.Conclusion:This method can accurately capture the social behavior characteristics of animals，enabling a comprehensive and objective evaluation of animal social preference.