To investigate the effects of Didang Tang and its disassembled prescription on high-mobility group box-1(HMGB1) protein，tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and Interleukin-6(IL-6) in rats with deep venous thrombosis(DVT).Methods:A total of 150 SPF grade Wistar male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups：Didang Tang group，Dahuang-Taoren group，Shuizhi-Dilong group，model group and sham operation group，with 30 rats in each group.The ligation model of the inferior vena cava was established by Reyers method.The levels of HMGB1，TNF-α and IL-6 were detected by ELISA and WB.The pathological changes of the inferior vena cava of rats were observed by HE staining.The expression of HMGB1 in the inferior vena cava of rats was detected by immunofluorescence and RT-qPCR.Results:In the model group，the endothelial cells of the inferior vena cava were seriously damaged and a large number of cells fell off，with significant cell swelling and thrombus formation.The intima was irregular in shape，the wall tissue was swollen，and collagen fibers were hyperplasia，accompanied by inflammatory cell infiltration.The endothelial cells were damaged with inflammatory cell infiltration in different degrees in medication groups.The fluorescence intensity of HMGB1 in the model group was significantly higher than that in the sham group，and the fluorescence intensity of HMGB1 in the medication groups was decreased to varying degrees.Compared with the sham operation group，the serum levels，protein expression and mRNA expression of HMGB1，IL-6 and TNF-α in the model group were significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group，the serum levels，protein expression and mRNA expression of HMGB1，IL-6 and TNF-α in each medication group were significantly decreased(P<0.05，P<0.01).There were significant differences in serum level，protein expression and mRNA expression among the treatment groups(P<0.05，P<0.01)，and there were significant differences in serum level，protein expression and mRNA expression on postoperative day 1，3 and 7(P<0.05，P<0.01).Conclusion:Didang Tang and its disassembled prescription play a therapeutic effect on DVT by reducing the expressions of HMGB1，IL-6 and TNF-α in rats with DVT.