Post-stroke cognitive dysfunction(PSCI) is a common complication after stroke，which seriously affects the quality of life of patients.The underlying pathological mechanisms of PSCI have not been fully elucidated，but numerous studies suggest that mitochondria is involved in the pathogenesis.Protective interventions based on mitochondria may be a promising approach for treating PSCI.Acupuncture has multi-target，multi-pathway characteristics，and shows unique advantages in the treatment of PSCI.The mechanisms of mitochondria in the treatment of PSCI by acupuncture mainly include mitochondrial bioenergetics，mitochondrial permeability，mitochondrial quality，mitochondrial redox system，and mitochondrial biogenesis.Further research on the mitochondrial pathway would provide theoretical support for acupuncture therapy for PSCI and enhance the optimization of acupuncture treatment regimens.