To explore the chemical basis of Shenxian Shengmai Oral Liquid using qualitative identification of volatile components and quantitative analysis of inorganic elements.Methods:Headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-GC-MS) analysis technology was employed to identify the volatile chemical components in Shenxian Shengmai Oral Liquid based on mass spectrometry information by searching the National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST) database and referring to relevant literature.Additionally，inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) analysis technology was utilized for the quantitative analysis of 21 inorganic elements in Shenxian Shengmai Oral Liquid.Results:A total of 29 volatile components were detected in Shenxian Shengmai Oral Liquid，mainly attributed to Asari Radix et Rhizoma in the formula.Among them，11 components with relatively high content accounted for 82.64% of the total identified volatile components.The quantitative analysis of inorganic elements revealed that Shenxian Shengmai Oral Liquid contained abundant essential elements for the human body，such as Na，Mg，and K，as well as elevated levels of trace elements Fe，Zn，and Mn.The content of heavy metals and harmful elements，including Cd，Pb，As，Hg，and Cu，all met the relevant limit requirements.Conclusion:The volatile chemical components and inorganic elements in Shenxian Shengmai Oral Liquid were elucidated，providing a basis for the study of its pharmacological substance foundation and quality control.