To investigate the pathological characteristics of low-grade inflammation in hyperuricemia(HUA) conditions.Methods:Defak quails were randomly divided by body weight into a normal group and a model group，with 10 quails in each group.The model group was fed a diet prepared with a ratio of normal feed to yeast extract powder of 4:1，while the normal group had free access to food and water.Serum uric acid and inflammatory mediators，including interleukins-1β(IL-1β)，IL-33，IL-2，IL-13，IL-8，IL-17，IL-6，IL-10，IL-12/P40，IL-16，IL-21，C-reactive protein(CRP)，granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF)，tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)，chemokine ligand 2(CCL2)，interferon-γ(IFN-γ)，netrin-2，and pentraxin 3，were measured on the 10th，20th，and 30th days of modeling to observe changes in the intensity of inflammatory mediators.On the 30th day，quail liver，intestine，and kidney tissues were collected for histopathological observation after hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining.On the 20th day，Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed to analyze the functions and related signaling pathways of differential inflammatory mediators.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between differential inflammatory mediators and serum uric acid levels.Results:Compared with the normal group，the model group had higher serum uric acid levels(P<0.05).Levels of interleukins，predominantly IL-17，IL-6，and IL-33，chemokines，mainly IL-8 and CCL2，and levels of IFN-γ，TNF-α，CRP，and GM-CSF were elevated(P<0.05)，while levels of IL-13 and IL-10 were decreased(P<0.05).On the 20th day of modeling，GO/KEGG enrichment analysis showed that low-grade inflammation in HUA conditions might target uric acid metabolism through activation of IL-17，Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription(JAK-STAT) signaling pathways，and cytokine-cytokine interactions，thereby inducing the production of inflammatory mediators such as IL-6 and TNF-α.Histopathological analysis showed that，compared with the normal group，the model group exhibited inflammatory cell infiltration in the submucosa of the ileum，with no significant differences observed in liver and kidney tissues.Correlation analysis showed that serum levels of IL-6，TNF-α，CRP，IL-33，IL-17，IL-8，IFN-γ，CCL2，GM-CSF，IL-1β，and IL-2 were positively correlated with serum uric acid levels，while IL-10 and IL-13 levels were negatively correlated with serum uric acid levels.Conclusion:The HUA quail model exhibited low-grade inflammation，which may be related to uric acid metabolism targets through activation of the IL-17 and JAK-STAT signaling pathways and interactions between cytokines，thereby regulating the production of inflammatory mediators such as IL-6 and TNF-α.