Depression is a common mental disorder and is a key focus of national mental health efforts.With the rising incidence of depression，research into the condition is advancing.Although the exact mechanisms of depression are not yet fully understood，the immune hypothesis has become a recent focal point.Among the various models of depression in experimental research，the lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced depression model is a well-established choice for replicating immune responses and depressive behaviors，with widespread application both in China and abroad.Literature retrieval revealed that traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) research using the LPS-induced depression model included studies on Chinese medicinal monomers，prescriptions，and acupuncture and moxibustion.These studies explored mechanisms involving neurotransmitters，tryptophan metabolism，inflammatory pathways，and oxidative stress，predominantly using mice as research subjects.The common injection method was intraperitoneal injection，with dosages of 0.5 mg/kg，0.83 mg/kg，and 1 mg/kg.By systematically summarizing research on the use of the LPS-induced depression model in TCM and related mechanisms，this study aimed to broaden the clinical application of TCM and provide references for selecting experimental models in depression research.