To investigate the mechanism of the antiviral action of Jiebiao Qingli Fang in mice with influenza A(H1N1).Methods:Thirty-six 7-week-old female BalB/c mice were randomly divided into the blank group,the model group,the western medicine group,and the high-dose,medium-dose,and low-dose groups of Jiebiao Qingli Fang by the random number method,with six mice in each group.The blank group was given an equal amount of saline nasal drops,and the rest of the mice were given influenza A virus solution in the left nostril at 50 μL.After 2 h of modeling,0.037 5 g/(kg·d) of oseltamivir phosphate was administered by gavage in the western medicine group,and 6.05 g/(kg·d),3.02 g/(kg·d),and 1.51 g/(kg·d) of Jiebiao Qingli Fang were administered to the high-dose group,the medium-dose group,and the low-dose group by gavage,respectively.The blank group and the model group were daily given saline 0.2 mL by gavage at the same time for five consecutive days.Lung index,thymus index,spleen index,pathological changes of lung tissue,expression of mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) in lung tissue,mRNA expression of the viral genes and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K),protein kinase B(AKT),and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta(GSK-3β) in lung suspension,and protein expression of PI3K,AKT,and GSK-3β in lung tissue were compared between the two groups.Results:The results of animal experiments showed that compared with the model group,the western medicine group and the high-dose group of Jiebiao Qingli Fang were able to reduce the lung index of mice(P<0.05),and the other groups were able to reduce the lung index and increase the thymus index and spleen index,but the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The high-dose and medium-dose groups of Jiebiao Qingli Fang were able to reduce the degree of lung lesions in mice,while the western medicine group and the high-dose and medium-dose groups of Jiebiao Qingli Fang were able to reduce the M and NS2 viral gene replication levels in lung tissue of mice(P<0.01 or P<0.05).The western medicine group and the high-dose group of Jiebiao Qingli Fang could reduce the expression level of mTOR in the lung tissue of mice.The western medicine group and the high-dose and medium-dose groups of Jiebiao Qingli Fang could significantly down-regulate the protein and mRNA expression levels of PI3K,AKT,and GSK-3β(P<0.01 or P<0.05).The difference between the low-dose group of Jiebiao Qingli Fang and the model group was not significant in all aspects.Conclusion:Jiebiao Qingli Fang has antiviral effects on mice with influenza A(H1N1),and its mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of the expression of the key proteins PI3K,AKT,GSK-3β,and mTOR in the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway.