Deficiency and depression are core pathogenic mechanisms in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors.Characteristics of the mechanical microenvironment，such as increased interstitial pressure and matrix stiffness，are similar to the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) pathogenesis of qi depression.Mechanical responses that lead to the accumulation of acidic metabolic products，hypoxia，and chronic inflammation align with the TCM pathogenesis of phlegm coagulation，blood stasis，and fire transformation due to qi depression.The biochemical microenvironment of immunosuppression corresponds to the TCM concept of deficiency of vital energy.Applying the TCM therapeutic principles of supporting vital energy and regulating qi can reverse the tumor microenvironment.TCM，with its holistic view and treatment based on syndrome differentiation，not only align with the macroscopic aspects of diagnosis and treatment but also positively affects the balance of yin and yang and homeostasis in the local microenvironment.