To explore the medication rules and the “drug-indicator” associations in the treatment of chronic heart failure(CHF) using the qi-tonifying and blood-activating therapy through data mining and to review the clinical efficacy of this therapy.Methods:Medical data of patients from the Cardiology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine，treated for CHF from September 2021 to August 2023，were enrolled and divided into the Chinese medicine group(using Chinese medicine for more than 7 days) and the control group.Prescription data，laboratory test results，and examination data were recorded.Clustering analysis，association analysis，and network visualization were employed to explore medication rules and “drug-indicator” associations.The efficacy of Chinese medicine in treating CHF was retrospectively analyzed using propensity score matching and the Kaplan-Meier method.Results:Data from 956 CHF patients were collected，including 785 in the Chinese medicine group and 171 in the control group.Clustering analysis of the top 15 frequently used drugs from 785 prescriptions revealed two main categories of drugs against CHF.The first focused on tonifying qi，warming yang，activating blood，and excreting water，while the second emphasized tonifying qi，strengthening the spleen，and eliminating dampness with bland drugs.Association analysis identified six high-frequency drug combinations，and further analysis of “drug-efficacy” associations showed a strong correlation between the drug compatibility and improvements in CHF-related indicators.A 1:1 propensity score matching produced 155 matched pairs of cases.The statistical results indicated that compared to conventional Western medicine treatment，the use of Chinese medicine significantly reduced creatine kinase，B-type natriuretic peptide，low-density lipoprotein cholesterol，C-reactive protein，fasting blood glucose，systolic blood pressure，and diastolic blood pressure，and significantly increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol，left ventricular ejection fraction，and 24-hour urine output.Conclusion:The qi-tonifying and blood-activating therapy with Chinese medicine can improve cardiac function，alleviate clinical symptoms，and enhance the quality of life in patients with CHF.