Endometriosis(EMT) is a chronic estrogen-dependent disease，with dysmenorrhea being its most characteristic clinical symptom.The incidence of EMT has been rising annually in recent years，significantly affecting women's quality of life.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) posits that “stagnation leading to pain”，identifying this as a primary mechanism for dysmenorrhea associated with EMT.Modern medicine has discovered that the occurrence of EMT is linked to processes such as angiogenesis，epithelial-mesenchymal transition，and immune inflammation.Recent literature indicates that TCM can improve dysmenorrhea associated with EMT by regulating autophagy，exerting immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects，inhibiting uterine smooth muscle contractions，improving uterine blood rheology，reducing pain sensitivity，and suppressing the implantation，adhesion，and invasion of ectopic tissues.Guided by TCM theory and starting from the integration of TCM and Western medicine，this research summarized the mechanisms of TCM in treating dysmenorrhea in EMT in modern medical theory to explore new ideas and methods for TCM in addressing dysmenorrhea associated with EMT.