This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of Radix glycyrrhizae in tonifying the spleen and reinforcing Qi and its pharmacological material basis via establishing the model of spleen deficiency in mice induced by different drugs.Methods:Spleen deficiency models were established in mice by using reserpine and rhubarb decoction，respectively.Changes in key indexes，such as body weight，body temperature，activity frequency，spleen index，and thymus index were detected before and after treatment，so as to investigate the efficacy of Radix glycyrrhizae extract in tonifying spleen and reinforcing Qi.The total flavone content of Radix glycyrrhizae after reflux extraction with 70% ethanol and its effect on mice with spleen deficiency induced by reserpine were investigated.The above indexes were detected before and after treatment to analyze the blood-entering components.Results:After treatment with Radix glycyrrhizae extract，both spleen deficiency models showed significant therapeutic effects.The therapeutic effect was positively correlated with the dose.The blood-entering components of Radix glycyrrhizae extract with ethanol were liquiritin，isoliquiritoside，neoliquiritin，liquiritigenin，echinatin，and isoliquiritigenin.Conclusion:Radix glycyrrhizae has a certain effect of tonifying the spleen in spleen deficiency model，and its pharmacological material basis may be from the total flavone.