Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract，and the transformation of colitis to cancer represents a dynamic process of chronic inflammatory bowel disease progressing to cancer.Early and appropriate intervention is crucial for preventing this inflammatory-cancer transformation.With increasing evidence linking inflammatory bowel disease to an elevated risk of colorectal cancer，the prevention and treatment of colitis-related cancer transformation has become a pressing medical issue.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) plays a significant role in preventing and treating the transformation of colitis to cancer.Various active components of Chinese medicine can inhibit this transformation through multiple pathways，including regulating the inflammatory microenvironment，suppressing oxidative stress，improving the tumor immune microenvironment，modulating apoptosis，and maintaining gut microbiota balance.These mechanisms contribute to preventing the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer associated with colitis.