To compare the content of seven nucleoside components in Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum from three different regions(Henan，Hebei，and Gansu)，and observe their effects on a cold fluid obstructing the lung model in mice.Methods:High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used to determine the content of seven nucleoside components in Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum from the three regions.A cold fluid obstructing the lung model in mice was established using OVA，Al(OH)3，and cold water bath stimulation.Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum products from different regions were administered to the model mice，and the effects on phlegm resolving and cough relieving were assessed using phenol red excretion and ammonia-induced cough.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining was performed to observe pathological changes in lungs and tracheal tissues.F4/80 immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect macrophage infiltration，and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to measure the levels of inflammatory mediators，including tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-10(IL-10).Results:There were significant differences in nucleoside content among the Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum products from the three regions.The content of uracil and adenosine was higher in the Henan Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum(P<0.001)，while cytidine，uridine，and guanosine were more abundant in Hebei Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum(P<0.001).The Gansu Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum had higher levels of adenine and β-thymidine(P<0.001).In the cold fluid obstructing the lung model，Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum treatment increased phenol red excretion and decreased cough frequency(P<0.05)，with the following pattern of effects：phenol red excretion(Henan>Hebei>Gansu) and cough frequency(Hebei>Gansu>Henan).The bronchial lumen damage was significantly alleviated，and the proliferation and fibrosis of tracheal tissues were reduced.The number of macrophages in lungs and tracheal tissues decreased(P<0.05)，while serum TNF-α levels were lower(P<0.05)，and IL-10 levels were higher.Conclusion:The nucleoside content in Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum varies in Henan，Hebei，and Gansu.All three regional Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum alleviated airway inflammation and pathological damage in the cold fluid obstructing the lung model mice.Among them，the Henan Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum showed the best effect in dissolving phlegm and relieving cough.