Immune aging refers to the process of structural and functional changes in the immune system as individuals age.Immune aging leads to a decrease in the number and activity of immune cells，increasing the risks of infections，diseases，and cancer.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) views the kidney as the foundation of innate constitution，with kidney essence being the fundamental substance that maintains life activities and closely related to immune system function.Kidney-tonifying Chinese medicines，by nourishing kidney essence，can enhance the body's immune defense capabilities and counteract immune aging.Research has shown that kidney-tonifying Chinese medicines can combat immune aging through mechanisms such as increasing the activity of immune cells，promoting the differentiation and migration of stem cells，and regulating immune cell functions.This article summarizes the changes in immune cells and organs during immune aging，and reviews the research progress of kidney-tonifying Chinese medicines in anti-aging treatments.In particular，it explores various mechanisms from the perspective of immune aging，providing theoretical foundations and practical guidance for the application of TCM in the anti-aging field.It also offers new ideas and methods for future in-depth studies on the anti-aging mechanisms of TCM，optimizing clinical application plans，and promoting the international development of TCM in the anti-aging field.