To analyze the medication patterns in the treatment of pediatric diseases as outlined in Elaboration on Pediatrics(You Ke Fa Hui) and provide references for clinical “medicine-syndrome-prescription” diagnosis and treatment of pediatric diseases.Methods:Internal medicinal prescriptions from Elaboration on Pediatrics(Volume 4) were statistically analyzed.Frequency statistics were conducted using Excel 2021，and association rules and complex network analysis were performed using SPSS Modeler 18.0 and Cytoscape 3.8.0.Hidden structure model analysis was conducted using Lantern 5.0 to summarize the “medicine-syndrome-prescription” law in the treatment of pediatric diseases as described in Elaboration on Pediatrics.Results:A total of 73 prescriptions and 137 Chinese medicines were included，with a cumulative frequency of 605 uses.A total of 31 Chinese medicines were used with a frequency of over 5 times.The top 5 Chinese medicines in terms of frequency were Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma，Poria，Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium，Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma，and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma.The properties of the Chinese medicines were predominantly warm and cold(with frequencies>50)，and the flavors were mostly pungent，bitter，and sweet(with frequencies>50).The Chinese medicines mainly acted on the lungs，spleen，stomach，and liver meridians.Association rule analysis identified 20 common drug pairs，with high-frequency pairs(instances≥20) being Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Poria，Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma，Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium，Poria-Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma，and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma.The strongest associations were found between Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma，Poria，Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium，Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma，Pinelliae Rhizoma，Angelicae Sinensis Radix，and Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma.Hidden structure model analysis revealed syndromes related to spleen deficiency with phlegm accumulation，lung-spleen qi deficiency，phlegm obstruction and qi stagnation，wind-heat invading the lungs，and heart trembling，liver wind，and kidney deficiency.Conclusion:Elaboration on Pediatrics mainly focuses on treating children's lung and spleen disorders.Spleen deficiency syndrome is treated with methods to tonify the spleen，move qi，resolve phlegm，and drain dampness.Lung deficiency with external wind-heat is treated by dispersing wind-heat，descending qi，and resolving phlegm.The medication emphasizes the use of both cold and warm Chinese medicines，with pungent ones for dispersing and bitter ones for descending，with a focus on regulating qi flow，moving the spleen，and promoting qi circulation，while also addressing heart trembling，liver wind，and kidney deficiency.