To investigate the effects of Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction on treating rats with chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG) and the mechanism.Methods:A total of 72 SD rats were randomly divided into the control group(16 rats)，model group(16 rats)，vitacoenzyme group(10 rats)，the groups with low dose，medium dose and high dose of Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction，with 10 rats in each of the three groups.In addition to the control group，for the remaining groups，N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine solution combined with the hunger and satiety disorder diet control method was employed to prepare the CAG model，with continuous modeling for 16 weeks.After 16 weeks of modeling，the control group and model group were given physiological saline(10 mL/kg) for gavage administration，the vitacoenzyme group was given vitacoenzyme solution(50 mg/kg) for administration，and the groups with low，medium，and high doses of Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction were given 6，12，and 24 g/kg respectively，with the administration conducted once a day for eight consecutive weeks.The general condition of rats was observed，with the hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining method adopted to observe the pathology of gastric tissue after sampling.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) method was employed to detect serum motilin(MTL)，gastrin(Gas)，somatostatin(SS)，as well as interleukin(IL)-6，IL-1β，and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in gastric tissue.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was utilized to detect the mRNA expression related to the transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1)/phosphatidylin-ositol-3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT) signaling pathway in gastric tissue.Western blotting was adopted to detect the protein expression of TGF-β1，PI3K/p-PI3K，and AKT/p-AKT in gastric tissue.Results:Compared with the model group，the general condition，atrophy degree of gastric mucosal glands，and infiltration degree of inflammatory cells of rats in each treatment group were improved to varying degrees.Compared with the control group，the serum MTL level of rats in the model group was high，while the Gas and SS levels were low(P<0.01).Compared with the model group，the serum MTL levels were low in the vitacoenzyme group and Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction group，while the Gas and SS levels were high(P<0.01).Compared with the control group，the levels of IL-6，IL-1β，and TNF-α in the gastric tissue of the rats in the model group were high(P<0.01).Compared with the model group，the levels of IL-6，IL-1β，and TNF-α in gastric tissue were low in the rats of the vitacoenzyme group and Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction group(P<0.01).Compared with the control group，the mRNA expression of TGF-β1，PI3K，and AKT in the gastric tissue of rats in the model group was high(P<0.01).Compared with the model group，the mRNA expression of TGF-β1，PI3K，and AKT in gastric tissue was low in the vitacoenzyme group and Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction group(P<0.01).Compared with the control group，the expression levels of TGF-β1 protein，PI3K/p-PI3K，and AKT/p-AKT were high in the gastric tissue of rats in the model group(P<0.01).Compared with the model group，the expression levels of TGF-β1 protein，PI3K/p-PI3K，and AKT/p-AKT were low in the vitacoenzyme group and Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction group(P<0.01).The changes in the above indicators were most significant in the group with high dose of Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction.Conclusion:Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction can effectively improve the symptoms of rats with CAG，and its mechanism may be related to the suppression of the TGF-β1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.