Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) is a leading pathogen causing acute respiratory infections in children，which can lead to severe complications such as pneumonia and asthma.Currently，Western medicine lacks specific and effective treatments for RSV infection.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has demonstrated significant clinical efficacy in preventing and treating RSV infection.Modern experimental studies have confirmed that active components of Chinese herbal medicines and classical TCM formulas exert anti-RSV effects mainly through mechanisms including anti-inflammation，inhibition of viral replication，modulation of host immune responses，and regulation of metabolic disorders.TCM provides a multidimensional therapeutic approach targeting the “virus-host-immune” axis，offering both direct antiviral effects and restoration of host homeostasis.However，current research remains insufficient in elucidating the active components of compound formulas，synergistic drug targets，and mechanisms underlying enhanced therapeutic efficacy.