Tripterygium wilfordii has a long history of medicinal use in China and exhibits a wide range of clinical applications.Modern pharmacological studies have revealed that it contains various chemical constituents，including terpenoids and alkaloids，with diverse biological activities such as antitumor，immunomodulatory，antiviral，and anti-inflammatory effects.This review summarizes recent advances in the chemical composition，pharmacological activities，and toxicological properties of T.wilfordii，and analyzes key features such as chemical specificity，pharmacodynamic relevance，medicinal properties，and measurability of its constituents.Based on these criteria，we propose potential quality markers(Q-Markers) for T.wilfordii，including triptolide，celastrol，triptonide，triptophenolide，wilforine，wilforgine，and euonine.These Q-Markers are expected to serve as the scientific foundation for establishing a standardized quality evaluation system for T.wilfordii.