Brain-gut interaction (BGI) is a significant cause for gastrointestinal diseases in western medical system, just as the liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome (LDSD) in TCM. Although belonging to two completely different medical systems, BGI and the LDSD syndrome are highly consistent in nature. In a study of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), we discussed the pathological changes in LDSD syndrome with BGI. It was shown that the LDSD syndrome was closely related to the brain-gut axis and BGI, indicating certain common and quantifiable material base.