To detect levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin -6 (IL-6) in serum and gastric mucosa during a helicobacter pylori(HP) infection so as to investigate their relationship.Methods:TNF-αand IL-6 were detected by radioimmunoassay and sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before and after treatment was given to HP-positive patients.Results:Those with more serious HP infection showed higher TNF-αand IL-6 levels (P<0.05). upon recovery of HP infection, TNF-αand IL-6 levels dropped significantly compared with those during the infection (P<0.05).Conclusion:TNF-αand IL-6 are closely related to HP infection, and take part in gastric mucosal injury.