To provide a theoretical foundation for assessing a person's health status， we built up the theoretical framework of TCM Essence Diagnosis in Health Status Assessment. Methods:Under the guide of Unification of Physique and Spirit Health Belief and the TCM Essence theory， we primarily construct the theoretical framework of TCM Essence Diagnosis in Health Status Assessment by the brainstorming method. Results:The Framework of TCM Essence Diagnosis in Health Status Assessment includes 2 classifications: sufficiency of Essence and deficiency of Essence. Both of them include physique， orifices， consciousness， tongue and pulse five aspects. Conclusion:The Theoretical Framework of TCM Essence Diagnosis can be applied to guide the health status assessment practice better.