The chemical constituents of Ocimum basilicum L is complicated and various， including large amounts of volatile oils， flavonoids and glycosides， and small amounts of coumarin， phenylpropanoids， and fatty acids. Research showed basil extract has anti-thrombosis， anti-lipids， anti-glucose and anti-hypertension， and anti-inflammatory and bactericidal effects. It can also reduce oxidant activity， protect endothelial cells and inhibit tumor metastasis. Therefore， the effective constituents of basil have development and application prospects.