This article mainly introduced the status and shortcomings of the comparative effectiveness research (CER) at present, and analyzed the significance of carrying out the CER of Chinese Medicine in real -world, the problems that may exist and the corresponding strategies. We should recognize the complexity and particularity of the clinical research in real world; and emphasize and strengthen the methodology design of real-world clinical research, the establishment of integrated data platform and network of clinical research, the application and practice of data mining method in real-world clinical study. The establishment of such technical system may play a powerful role in promoting the entire development of Chinese medicine.