According to the interior-exteriorly related theory of lung and the large intestine, to observe the pathological features of ARDS lung and large intestine concurrent disease, and investigate the mechanism of Tongfu Xiefei herbs in ARDS rats, then provide experimental basis for clinical treatment. Methods： Thirty healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, control group, model group, and treatment group. The ARDS rats were established by intravenous injecting oleic acid plus endotoxin in caudal vein, and rats in treatment group were treated with Tongfu Xiefei herbs. The lung function, inflammatory cytokines in the lung and serum, intestinal barrier function and the indicators of lung and intestinal mucosal immunity in each group were observed after 7 days. Results：1）Compared with control group, the lung compliance of model group was obviously decreased; the aspiratory and expiratory resistance were obviously increased(P<0.01).The lung function of treatment group improved. 2）The D-Lactate, DAO of model group were significantly increased than those of control group (P<0.01). Both of them decreased significantly after treatment(P<0.01).3）The TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-10 in BALF and serum of model group were obviously increased than those of control group(P<0.01). After treatment, TNF-α,IL-1βin serum were significantly decreased(P<0.01).TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6 in BALF were significantly decreased（P<0.01）.4）The SIgA expression in lung and large intestine of model group were obviously increased than those of control group(P<0.01),and it significantly decreased after treatment(P<0.05).Conclusion： 1）The pathological features of ARDS is lung and large intestine concurrent disease, which mainly include ventilation dysfunction, intestine barrier functional disturbance, the body’s and lung’s inflammation levels significant increase and the synchronous response in lung and intestinal mucosal immune.2）Tongfu Xiefei herbs shows positive curative effect, for they could improve the pulmonary ventilation and intestinal barrier function, regulate inflammatory cytokines expression and lung and intestinal mucosal immune response.