To investigate the effect of Bushen Tongdu capsule on peripheral Th17/Treg ratio and serum IL-17A,TGF-β1 and IL-10 of patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods：RA patients were divided randomly and double-blinded into treatment group (n=36) that were treated with Bushen Tongdu capsules and control group (n=35) that were treated with Tripterygium glycosides tablets. Patients in both groups were treated for 12 weeks. The changes of peripheral blood Th17/Treg ratio and serum IL-17A,TGF-β1 and IL-10 were observed by flow cytometry and ELISA in patients of both teams before and after the treatments.Results：After treatments, Peripheral Th 17%，Th17/Treg ratio significantly decreased and Treg% significantly evaluated（P<0.01） in both groups, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups after the treatments（P>0.05）. After treatments, the level of serum IL-17A significantly decreased, and TGF-β1 and IL-10 significantly evaluated in both groups（P<0.01）. Comparing the two groups, TGF-β1 and IL-10 evaluated more in treatment group (P<0.01）, while there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups on the changes of IL-17A（P>0.05）.Conclusion：Bushen Tongdu capsule can reduce RA patients` peripheral Th17/Treg ratio and serum IL-17A content, and it also can evaluate serum TGF-β1 and IL-10 content.