Ginsenoside is the main active ingredient of Panax ginseng with one thousand medicinal history, so the its content is considered to be one of the important indexes that evaluate ginseng’s inner quality. At present dozens of ginsenoside have been isolated and identified from different parts of ginseng, and the content in different parts of the ginseng is different. The content is influenced by many factors, mainly including the growth environment, saponin synthesis related gene and protein expression changes and so on. In this paper, the above three aspects are summarized, so as to provide the reference for the research on content changes of ginsenoside.