To explore diagnosis and treatment of acupuncture and moxibustion in treating bladder dysfunction caused by cauda equina injury. Methods: Four databases, CNKI (1966 to 2014), VIP(1989 to 2014), CBM (1979 to 2014), Pubmed (1966 to 2014), were searched for articles related to acupuncture and moxibustion therapies and 6 articles were identified to discuss the intervene measures with acupuncture and moxibustion, clinical characteristics of syndrome diagnosis, method of acupoints selection and application, the timing of invention,frequency, course of treatment, treatment effect, follow-up study and safety in bladder dysfunction caused by cauda equina injury treatment by acupuncture and moxibustion. Results: Diagnosis dependent on symptom (differentiation of disease) is the main process of bladder dysfunction caused by cauda equina injury treated by acupuncture and moxibustion, associated with Chinese traditional medical experiences (differentiation of symptom) to select acupoints among Baliao, Ciliao, Huiyang, etc; electroacupuncture was the most frequent method; the frequency of acupuncture and moxibustion is usually once every day and the total course of treatment is about two to eight weeks. Conclusion: Acupuncture and moxibustion have certain effects on relieving clinical symptoms.