To establish quality control system of Xipayi Collutorymaxillary. Methods: The Xipayi Collutorymaxillary was identified by TLC method with gallic acid as indexe. Folin Ciocalteaut method and HPLC method were used to measure the content of total polyphenols and gallic acid in Xipayi Collutorymaxillary seperately. Results: On the silica gel GF254 thin layer plate, developed with mixture of toluene- acetic ether- formic acid(6∶3∶1)and with 1% Ferric trichloride ethanol solution as color developing agent, gallic acid was detected in the Xipayi Collutorymaxillary. Total polyphenol content of 10 batches of Xipayi Collutorymaxillary in the average was 9.77 mg/ml, the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 1.58%. Gallic acid was separated well in Shim-pack PREP chromatographic column with isocratic elution by methanol-1% phosphoric acid and detected at wave length of 273 nm. Conclusion: The method is simple, accurate and specific,which can control the quality of Xipayi Collutorymaxillary effectively, providing basis and reference for improving the quality standard of Xipayi Collutorymaxillary.