To observe the correspondence among Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) pattern differentiation and C-reactive protein and target organ damage. Methods: 308 cases of patients with primary hypertension were chosen based on “the Guidelines for Prevention and Control of Hypertension” and inclusion criteria of this research. According to “the Guidelines of New TCM Drugs in the Clinical Research of Hypertension”, all patients were categorized into TCM pattern types, namely, intensive liver fire pattern, congested phlegm-dampness pattern, yin deficiency with yang hyperactivity pattern and deficiency of both yin and yang pattern. Moreover, fasting venous blood samples of all patients were taken for a CRP test. Meanwhile, clinical record of these patients were collected to analyze through the software of SPSS 22.0. Results: 1) The correlation between CPR and hypertension risk classification and stratification: The higher the level of hypertension risk, the higher the level of CPR was. However, the result is of no statistical significance (P>0.05). Also, the level of CPR rose along with the level of risk stratification of hypertension, and the result is of statistical significance. (P<0.05) 2) The correlation between CPR,cardiovascular risk factors and target organ damage: a. CPR was not related to cardiovascular risk factors such as abdominal obesity and smoking. (P>0.05). b. The CPR level of target organ (heart, brain, blood vessel and kidney) damage group was higher than the group without target damage group. 3) The relation between CPR and TCM pattern differentiation: the CPR level correlates with different pattern types. To be specific, the levels of CPR were higher than the other in such an order: congested phlegm-dampness pattern>yin deficiency with yang hyperactivity pattern>deficiency of both yin and yang pattern>intensive liver fire pattern. (P<0.05) 4) The relation between different TCM patterns and target organ damage : patients with intensive liver fire pattern and yin deficiency with yang hyperactivity pattern were mainly suffered from brain damage, patients with congested phlegm-dampness pattern from blood vessel damage, and patients with deficiency of both yin and yang pattern from heart and kidney damage. Conclusion: The CPR level, target organ damage and hypertension of TCM pattern correlates with each other. In other words, different TCM pattern types of hypertension patients suffers from different target organ damage.