世界中医药

作者	单位
刘春芳1，郑燕芳1,2，王慧1,2，谭淑芳1，刘亮亮1，林娜1	1 中国中医科学院中药研究所，北京，100700； 2 福建中医药大学，福州，350108

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中文摘要:

目的：观察不同条件对大黄泻下和止泻双向调节效应的影响。方法：采用正常ICR小鼠、复方地芬诺酯复制便秘小鼠模型和腹泻小鼠模型，造模2 h后各给药组分别以不同剂量的生大黄细粉、不同炮制品（生大黄、熟大黄和大黄炭）和不同时间煎煮而成的生大黄粗粉灌胃给药1次，而正常和模型组则给予等体积的生理盐水，观察各组小鼠给药后6 h内的排便总数、排便指数和腹泻指数。结果：1）不同给药剂量：0.2 g/kg生大黄和0.67～3 g/kg大黄炭对腹泻小鼠有止泻作用，0.8 g/kg生大黄和5 g/kg大黄炭能明显加重腹泻。2）不同炮制品：当生大黄剂量大于等于0.72 g/kg时能使正常小鼠泻下，大于等于1.8 g/kg时使便秘小鼠通便，0.8 g/kg时加重腹泻小鼠腹泻；0.67～3 g/kg大黄炭和3 g/kg熟大黄对腹泻小鼠均有止泻作用。3）不同煎煮时间：1.5 g/kg生大黄粗粉在2～10 min内对正常和便秘小鼠的泻下作用随煎煮时间延长而逐渐升高，在10～180 min内随煎煮时间延长泻下作用强度逐渐减弱，其中，煎煮10 min时泻下作用最强，180 min时最弱。结论：机体的状态和药物的不同剂量、炮制方法和煎煮时间均可影响大黄的泻下与止泻的双向调节效应。

English Summary:

To investigate conditions that affect the activities of diarrhea and antidiarrhea of rhubarb.Methods: Normal ICR mice,magnesium sulfate-induced diarrhoeal mice and diphenoxylate-induced constipated mice were used.Raw rhubarb with different dosages,processed methods and different decoction times were administrated to mice 2h after the diarrhoea and constipation models were induced.Results: 1）Diffenrent dosage: Raw rhubarb had antidiarrheal effect at the dose of 0.20 g/kg and significantly worsened diarrhea at the dose of 0.80 g/kg; rhubarb charcoal had antidiarrheal effect at the doses of 0.67-3.00 g/kg,and significantly worsened diarrhea at the dose of 5.00 g/kg.2）Different processing method: Raw rhubarb had laxative effect on normal mice with the dose of above 0.72 g/kg,on constipation mice at the dose of above 1.80 g/kg,and on diarrhea mice at the dose of 0.80 g/kg; while rhubarb charcoal 0.67-3.00 g/kg and cooked rhubarb 3.00 g/kg had antidiarrheal effect on diarrhea mice.3）Different decoctioning length: Raw rhubarb showed the strongest laxative effect at the decoction time of 10min,and the weakest laxative effect at 180min.Conclusion:The diarrheal and antidiarrheal effect of rhubarb act to conditions such as different physiological and pathological conditions,processing methods,dosages and decoction time.

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