To observe the the clinical curative effect and part of the mechanism of Wuwei Xiaodu decoction enema in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation. Methods: A total of 70 cases of patients with chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases in our hospital were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group, with 35 cases in each group. Patients in the control group had oral Metronidazole tablets and Sparfloxacin tablets and took continuously for 7 days.The observation group had Wuwei Xiaodu decoction enema on the basis of the treatment of the control group, continuously for 7 days. To compare the clinical curative effect of the two groups, the changes of simple McGill pain scores before and after the treatment, and TNF-alpha concentration changes in the peripheral blood. Results: 1) After treatment, the clinical total effective rate of the control group was 80%, and the observation group was 91.43%. The comparison between the two groups were of statistically difference(P<0.05); 2) Before therapy against McGill pain score comparison difference has no statistical significance (P>0.05), while after 7 days of treatment, in each group, compared with before each treatment, there were statistical difference(P<0.05). Also, the comparison between two groups shows that there are statistical difference, and the improvement after the treatment in the observation group is more obvious. 3）TNF-alpha protein expression had no obvious differences between the two groups before the treatment (P>0.05), while after 7 days treatment, TNF-alpha protein concentration of the observation group was lower than the control group; 4) The McGill pain scores were correlated with the TNF-alpha (P<0.05). Conclusion: Wuwei Xiaodu decoction enema can obviously relieve the clinical symptoms of chronic pelvic inflammation, and the therapeutic mechanism might be its regulation on TNF-alpha.