世界中医药

抑郁症是一种常见的心境障碍，以持久的心境低落为特征，其发病率逐年增加，复发率高。近年来,抑郁症的病因学研究获得了一定的进展。脑海马结构是与情绪和认知关系密切的重要脑区，近年来，脑海马形态及超微结构变化与抑郁症发病的关系越来越受到广泛关注。动物实验发现抑郁模型的海马神经元萎缩、变性、死亡的同时伴有海马齿状回神经元的再生障碍，越来越多的研究证实，海马细胞形态和活性异常是抑郁症的病机之一。中医药治疗抑郁症具有辨证论治、不良反应较少的特点。目前对中医药抗抑郁的作用机制尚不明确，特别是关于其对脑海马形态学及超微结构变化的影响，也多为动物实验的研究。本文汇总近年来文献，从中药复方、单味中药、中药提取物、针刺、电针等几个方面对抑郁动物模型海马结构的影响，综述中医药的抗抑郁作用。

English Summary:

Depression is a common psychological disorder characterized by persistent depressive feelings, and its incidence increased year by year and its recurrence rate is high. In recent years, the research on the etiology of depression has made certain progresses. Hippocampus formation is closely related to emotion and cognition response. In recent years, the relationship between the morphology and ultrastructure of hippocampus and the changes of ultrastructure and depression have drawn increasing attention. Hippocampal neurons atrophy, variation and death of the hippocampus have been found in animals with depression, which were accompanied by regeneration dysfunction. Besides, there are more and more studies have confirmed that the variation and low activity of the hippocampus are the pathogenesises of depression. In treating depression, Chinese medicine has the advantage of with seldom side effects and excelled in syndrome differentiation. At present, the mechanism of anti depression of Chinese medicine is not clear, especially about its effect on the morphology and ultrastructure of the hippocam, which were mainly based on animal experiments. This article analyzed literature in recent years and discussed the effects of Chinese medicine on depression from following aspects: the impacts of traditional Chinese medicine compound, Chinese medicine, herbal extracts, acupuncture, electro acupuncture on the structure of the hippocampus.

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