To observe the effects of Shen Yuan Dan(SYD) on MIR-24 expression and myocardium cell apoptosis in myocardial infarction rats. Methods: Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into five groups, namely sham group, model group, high dose, middle dose, and low-dose SYD group, with 10 rats in each group. The myocardium ischemia models were established by ligating of anterior descending branch of coronary artery. The rats in treatment groups were treated with intragastric administration of SYD. The model and sham group were given 0.9% sodium chloride solution with the same volume. The treatment lasted for 2 weeks. Serum levels of creatine kinases (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and MIR-24 gene expression in ischemic myocardium were measured after the treatment. Myocardial apoptosis was measured by TUNEL. Results: At the end of the treatment, the serum level of CK and LDH significantly decreased in SYD (high, middle and low-dose) groups compared with those of the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). And the MIR-24 mRNA expression in ischemic myocardium were significantly increased in SYD (high and middle-dose) groups compared with those of model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Meanwhile, the myocardial apoptosis index also significantly decreased in STD groups (high, middle, and low-dose) compared with those in model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: Yiqi Zhuyu formula SYD could relieve myocardial injury and cell apoptosis in myocardium infarction rats. The possible mechanism may relate to up regulating MIR-24 gene expression in ischemic myocardium.