| 引用本文:刘悦1，汤欢1，李西文1，陈增华2，雷志勇2，向丽.基于ITS序列的伞菌类药用食用真菌的DNA条形码鉴定研究[J].世界中医药,2016,(05):. |
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| 基于ITS序列的伞菌类药用食用真菌的DNA条形码鉴定研究 |
| Identification of Medicinal and Edible Fungi(Agaricales)Through Internal Transcribed SpacerBarcode |
| 投稿时间：2016-04-12 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2016.05.009 |
| 中文关键词: 药用真菌 食用真菌 伞菌类 DNA条形码 ITS |
| English Keywords:Medicinal Fungi Edible Fungi Agaricales DNA barcode ITS |
| 基金项目:中央科研院所公益项目（编号：ZXKT15029；ZZ2014029）；重大新药创制国家科技重大专项（编号：2014ZX09304307001-014；2014ZX09301308-007） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的：伞菌类真菌物种繁多、生物多样性丰富，包括多种重要的药用、食用真菌以及有毒真菌。因此，对该类群的快速、准确鉴定，对于新的药用食用真菌资源的发现，以及对真菌毒素危害的防治都具有重要意义。方法：本研究以伞菌类13个科23个属50个物种，共计84份样本的真菌为研究对象，采用真菌通用引物ITS5和ITS4，对其核糖体DNA的内转录间隔区（Internal Transcribed Spacer，ITS）进行PCR扩增和测序。通过比较不同真菌的序列长度、碱基构成，同时利用BLAST比对法和建树法对其进行鉴定。结果：伞菌类真菌的序列长度在463~751 bp之间，平均GC含量在37.1%~59.4%之间。通过与GenBank中序列的比对分析以及系统进化邻接（Neighbor-joining，NJ）树结果，可以在种级水平上鉴定各个真菌物种。结论：基于ITS序列的DNA条形码可以快速、准确鉴定伞菌类真菌，具有重要的应用价值。 |
| English Summary: |
| With abundant fungi species and rich biodiversity，Agaricales comprises a variety ofmedicinal，edible and poisonous fungi.To identify these fungi have important significance for the discovery of new medicinal edible fungi resources，and the prevention of mycotoxin hazard.Methods:In this study，50 species belong to 23 genus of 13 families in Agaricales were identified by DNA barcode.The internal transcribed spacer(ITS)were amplified and sequenced.Sequence lengths，base compositions were compared，and sequences results were analyzed using BLAST.A phylogenetic neighbor-joining(NJ)tree was also constructed for the identification of above-mentioned species.Results:The results indicated that the ITS sequence lengths of 50 fungi species ranged from 463 to 751 bp and the GC content intermediate between 37.1% and 59.4%.Finally，all 50 species were clearly identified by BLAST and NJ tree.It is concluded that the ITS region can rapidly and accurately identify Agaricales species.Conclusion:The proposed DNA barcode has great application value in fungi species identification. |
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