世界中医药

基金项目:国家自然科学基金委面上项目——西洋参自然基金（编号：81274013）：西洋参不同产地品质相关“地理特异基因群”的发掘，负责人：黄林芳；国家自然科学基金委面上项目——肉苁蓉自然基金（编号：81473315）：地理格局及生态驱动揭示肉苁蓉品质生态型机理，负责人：黄林芳；国家自然科学基金委重点项目（编号：81130069）：道地药材形成的生物学实质，负责人：陈士林;四川省科技厅产业链项目（编号：2014SZ0131），负责人：曾锐；四川省科技厅基础研究项目（编号：2015JY0009），负责人：曾锐

作者	单位
李金花1，曾锐2，李文涛1，黄林芳1	1 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所，北京，100191； 2 西南民族大学药学院，成都，610041

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中文摘要:

目的：探讨秦艽品质与气候因子的相关性，为秦艽种植与栽培提供依据。方法：采用UPLC法测定秦艽主产区陕西、甘肃、宁夏3省20批次样品中龙胆苦苷、马钱苷酸、獐牙菜苦苷和獐牙菜苷4种有效成分的含量，同时收集产地的气候因子，应用SPSS软件对不同产地秦艽有效成分含量和气候因子进行单因素方差分析、PCA分析，典型相关性分析，寻找和揭示影响秦艽品质的气候因子。结果：20批样品中龙胆苦苷和马钱苷酸的总含量都高于药典限度，其中陕西凤县的有效成分含量最高，品质较好；秦艽中龙胆苦苷的含量与温度、气压呈极显著正相关，与风速呈极显著负相关；马钱苷酸与年降水量呈极显著正相关，与风速呈显著正相关；獐牙菜苦苷与风速呈显著正相关，与年降水量、温度呈极显著负相关；獐牙菜苷与气候因子未表现出显著相关性。结论：陕西产秦艽品质较好，优于甘肃和宁夏产的秦艽，其中陕西凤县产的秦艽质量最佳。秦艽的质量与气候条件密切相关，温度、气压和降水量是影响秦艽品质重要的气候因子。在一定范围内，温度越高、气压越高、降水量越大，越有利于秦艽化学成分的积累，促进活性成分含量富集。该研究为不同产地秦艽品质变异及生态适应提供了实验依据，对提高秦艽品质、进行适宜的生态区划分和保障秦艽产业化发展具有重要指导意义。

English Summary:

To investigate the effects of ecological factors on the chemical constituents in the rhizome of Gentiana macrophylla Pall and provide the basis for nurture and cultivation of G.macrophylla Pall.Methods:A rapid ultra-high performance liquid chromatography(UPLC)method was developed for determination of four bioactive compounds including gentiopicrin，loganic acid，swertiamarin and sweroside in 20 batches of G.macrophylla Pall from Shaanxi，Gansu，Ningxia provinces.Parallel to this，climatic factors were collected，and the SPSS software was applied to analyze the effective components by the one-way analysis of variance，and the correlation analysis between the content and climatic factors was also conducted by principal component analysis(PCA).Finally，Pearson correlation analysis was performed to analyze effects of climatic factors on the chemical compositions.Results:The result showed the total content of gentiopicroside and loganic acid in 20 batches could reach or even higher than pharmacopoeia standard higher，and the content of samples from Feng county，Shaanxi was higher than other samples; Significant positive correlation exist between gentiopicroside and temperature，pressure，and significant negative correlation exist between gentiopicroside and wind speed; The content of loganic acid was positively related to precipitation，and negatively related to wind speed; The content of swertiamarin was positively related to wind speed，and negatively related to precipitation and temperature; There are not significant correlation exist between sweroside and climatic factors.Conclusion:The quality of G.macrophylla Pall from Shaanxi is better compared to Gansu and Ningxia，especially Feng county，Shaanxi.Climatic factors，such as temperature，pressure and precipitation have close relationship with the content of effective components.The content of effective components was positively related to temperature，pressure and precipitation.The results have critical meaning for the quality improvement，appropriate ecological division，and industrialized development promotion of G.macrophylla Pall.

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