To study the xanthine oxidase inhibitors from the twigs of Garcinia esculenta，and identify novel xanthine oxidase inhibitors.Methods:Bioassay-guided fractionation was used in the investigation of the extracts from the twigs of Garcinia esculenta，as well as means of column chromatography.The structures of the isolated compounds in the investigation were elucidated by comprehensive NMR and MS spectroscopic data analysis，as well as compared with previously publications.The effects of the isolated compounds on xanthine oxidase have been further investigated.Results:Six compounds were isolated from EtOAc fraction of the twigs of Garcinia esculenta，and their structures were identified to be maclurin(1)，4,6,3′,4′-tetrahydroxy-2-methoxybenzophenone(2)，2,4,6,3′-tetrahydroxybenzophenone(3)，3,6,7-trihydroxy-1-methoxyxanthone(4)，2S,3S-3,5,7,3′,5′-pentahydroxyavane(5)，syringic acid(6).Compound 1 showed moderate inhibition on xanthine oxidase activity with an IC50 value of approximately 28.9 μM.Conclusion:Compounds 1-6 were isolated from the plant，and the xanthine oxidase inhibitory effect of compound 1 was reported for the first time.