Ascending and descending Qi, a basic theory of Chinese medicine, has abundant clinical application. Based on the theory of qi transformation, this paper tries to discuss cognitive methods of TCM from qi movements of Yin and Yang, which includes the combination of cold and heat, application principle of drug odor and its rational reconstitution and chronergy problem of treatment. It can be taken as a reference in the flexible use of different ways of physiological identification of the human body and relevant treatment ways, which can help the researchers to further understand and grasp the theory of qi movements in TCM,so as to excavating classic theory that can guide clinical practice and improve the level of clinical syndrome differentiation in TCM.