To observe the therapeutic effect of treatment from the spleen on chronic idiopathic throm-bocytopenic purpura (CITP). Methods: Sixty patients with CITP were randomly assigned to three groups. Twenty patients were orally administered with Jianpi Yiqi Shexue Decoction (JYSD) in the A treatment group, 20 patients with JYSD and Prednisone in the B treatment group and the 20 with Prednisone in the control group. The therapeutic course was 21 days. Scores of the platelet effect hierarchical level and hemostasis effect hierarchical level were observed before and after treatment and TCM patterns clinical efficacy of the treatment was evaluated. Results: 1) TCM patterns: The effect rate of TCM patterns was 70% in the A treatment group, 75% in the B treatment group and 55% in the C control group, respectively, showing significant difference between the three groups (P<0.05). The effect rate of A and B treatment groups were superior to that of the C control group (P<0.05). 2) Platelet effective rate: The platelet effective rate was 50% in the A treatment group, 75% in the B treatment group and 45% in the C control group, respectively, showing significant difference between the three groups (P<0.05). The total effective rate showed significant difference between the three treatment group (P<0.05), The B treatment group of JYSD combined Prednisone were superior to the others; 3) Hemostasis effective rate was70% in the A treatment group, 75% in the B treatment group and 55% in the C control group, respectively, showing significant difference between the three groups (P<0.05) and the A and B treatment groups were superior to the C control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: 1) Treatment from the spleen on diopathic throm-bocytopenic purpura have a better efficacy and provides a new thinking for treating CITP.