To investigate the curative effect of Jianpiqingre Huoxue Decoction on ulcerative colitis (UC) and its effect on intestinal mucosal barrier repair. Methods:A total of 86 UC patients were randomly divided into observation group (n=43) and control group (n=43) by randomized controlled design. The control group was treated with conventional western medicine, the observation group combined with the traditional Chinese medicine Jianpiqingrehuoxue Decoction treatment, 2 groups were treated for 12 weeks. Before and after treatment, the changes of intestinal mucosa function, serum related indexes and symptoms of TCM were compared. The clinical effective rate and relapse rate of the 2 groups were statistically analyzed. Results:The levels of lactulose (LAC), lactulose/mannitol (L/M), serum endotoxin (ET), diamine oxidase (DAO) and procalcitonin (PCT) were lower than before treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.01). The score of ulcer, congestion, edema, erosion and diarrhea in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group (93.02%) was significantly higher than the control group (76.74%) (P<0.05). During Follow-up period, 3 cases (6.70%) in the observation group and 8 cases (18.60%) relapsed in the control group, there was significant difference in recurrence rate between the 2 groups (P<0.05). Conclusion:Jianpi qingrehuoxue Decoction can improve the healing quality of intestinal mucosa, relieve the clinical symptoms, and relapse rate is low, it is worthy of clinical application.