To observe the clinical effect and the mechanism of Jianpi Shengxue Granule on tumor chemotherapy related anemia. Methods:A total of 100 patients who were diagnosed with tumor chemotherapy related anemia were randomly divided into 2 groups. Both of the groups of cases were all treated based on recombinant human erythropoietin subcutaneous injection (hi, 10000IU, 3 times per week). The control group (50 patients) were treated by ferrous sulfate sustained-release tablets (po, 0.45 g, 2 times per day). The treatment group (50 patients) were treated by Jianpi Shengxue Granule (po, 15 g, 3 times per day). Chinese medicine symptom complex score and indexes of RBC, Hb, SF, KPS, etc, were detected after 30 days treatment. Drug effective rate and ADE were also evaluated. Methods:There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of indexes before the treatment (P>0.05). Patients in treatment group were all treated according to the doctor's advice, while 5 patients in control group withdrew from the study for gastrointestinal ADR within one week. The total effective rate of treatment group was obviously higher than that of control group (P<0.05).The treatment group cases all completed the treatment according to the doctor's advice, whereas 5 cases in control were withdrew from the study because of no toleration of gastrointestinal ADR. The total effective rate of treatment group was obviously higher than that of control group (P<0.05). The indexes of RBC, Hb, SF, KPS, etc, in two groups were all obviously improved than the levels before treatment (P<0.05). And these indexes of treatment group were better than that of the control group (P<0.05). ADE rate of treatment group was significantly lower than that of control (P<0.05). Conclusion:Jianpi Shengxue Granule is effective on tumor chemotherapy related anemia on security and compliance, so it can be used widely in clinical work.