To study the syndrome and rule of medicine choice in postpartum depression (PPD) according to analysis of the traditional Chinese medicine theory and clinical research.Methods:The domestic literatures of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the treatment of PPD from January 1996 to April 2016 are searched and collected through CNKI database to analyze the treatment rule.Syndrome,prescription and herbs are classified and counted the frequency and proportion for cluster analysis.Results:PPD has 21 syndromes,in which deficiency of heart and spleen,stagnation of liver qi,deficiency of qi and stagnation of blood,deficiency of spleen and kidney and syndrome of binding phlegm-heat and qi are more common.Stagnation of liver,blood stasis,qi stagnation,phlegm and stasis are excess syndromes.Deficiency of heart and spleen,deficiency of qi,deficiency of blood,deficiency of spleen and kidney,deficiency of Yin,deficiency of qi and blood and deficiency of kidney are deficiency syndromes.The locations of the disease are liver,kidney,spleen and heart.The mainly used prescriptions are tonic prescriptions,energy-regulating prescriptions and blood-regulating prescriptions.Radix Bupleuri,Angelica sinensis,Codonopsis pilosula and Rasix paeoniae alba are common used herbs.Conclusion:The syndrome,prescription and medicine choice are different from other periods,which emphasizes soothing-liver,regulating qi,tonifying deficiency in postpartum and pays attention to recuperate blood.Meanwhile,mentality and fitness should be treat together.