The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been increasing annually in China. Multiple determinants induce the occurrence and development of this disease. Among these factors, mental stress factors play an important role. This paper is to explore the effect of mental stress on IBD patients and to timely detect the mental stress factors for active intervention treatment. This may alleviate the progression in IBD patients and improve the quality of life. This paper is to review the mechanism of mental stress factors on inflammatory bowel disease and traditional Chinese medicine intervention measures, in order to provide the basis for the clinical treatment of IBD.