To observe the effects of quality control of TCM pharmacy on the rationality of prescription and the safety of clinical drug.Methods:A total of 1 230 patients who were treated with TCM prescription in our hospital from December 2014 to June 2016 were chosen and divided into observation group and control group after the implementation of quality control，with 615 cases in each group.Unreasonable conditions (including improper number and dose of drugs)，adverse reactions of 2 groups were compared.Results:In observation group，the rationality rate was 95.12%，and the irrationality rate was 4.88%.The irrationality rates of the number of herbs and the dose of the single herb were 1.63% and 3.58% respectively.The use rates of toxic and little toxic drug were 4.72% and 21.63% respectively.The rationality rate of the herbs with toxin and little toxin was 97.53%.In the control group，the rationality rate was 79.67%，and the irrationality rate was 20.33%.The irrationality rates of the number of herbs and the dose of the single herb were 14.41% and 19.19% respectively.The use rates of toxic and little toxic drug were 12.68% and 32.68% respectively.The rationality rate of the herbs with toxin and little toxin was 82.44%.The differences in the above indexes among groups were statistically significant (P<0.05).The rates of adverse effects in the observation group and the control group were 1.79% and 14.47% respectively (P<0.05).The reasons for the adverse effects in the observation group included poor quality of herbs (36.36%)，poor tolerance of patients (63.64%).The reasons for the adverse effects in the control group included poor quality of herbs (23.60%)，incompatibility of prescription (16.85%)，lack of standardization in the use of drugs (21.35%) and poor tolerance of patients (38.20%).Conclusion:The quality control of TCM pharmacy can effectively improve the rationality of TCM prescription and the safety of clinical medicine，which can reduce the adverse reaction and be suitable for clinical promotion.