To investigate the effects of Shenmai Injection on the expression of serum β-CAR, IL-17 and CD4+ cells in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB).Methods:A total of 68 cases of newly diagnosed PTB in our hospital from June 2014 to April 2016 were randomly divided into 2 groups, with 34 cases in each.The control group was treated with 2S(E)HRZ/4HR, and the experiment group was given intravenous drip of Shenmai Injection on the basis of 2S(E)HRZ/4HR.Both groups were treated for 24 weeks.The indexes of serum oxidative stress, inflammatory factors and immune function were measured.TCM scores were evaluated and the treatment results were compared.Results:Compared with before treatment, MDA of 2 groups were increased (P<0.05), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and β carotene (β-CAR) decreased (P<0.05).Levels of interleukin-10, interleukin-17 decreased (P<0.05).IFN-γ, CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ increased (P<0.05).Levels of CD8+ decreased (P<0.01).Scores of cough, tidal fever, night sweat, consumptive thirst decreased (P<0.01).Compared with after treatment, the levels of MDA in the experimental group were higher (P<0.05), and SOD and β-CAR were lower (P<0.05).Levels of IL-10 and IL-17 were lower (P<0.05).IFN-γ level was higher (P<0.05).Levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ were higher (P<0.01), and Level of CD8+ was lower (P<0.01).Scores of cough, tidal fever, night sweat, and consumptive thirst were lower (P<0.01).The total efficiency was higher (P<0.05).Conclusion:Shenmai injection has a significant effect on PTB, which is worthy of popularization and application.