Abstract:To provide scientific basis for the identification and establishment of quality control standards of medicinal Syngnathus sold in the markets.Methods:The Syngnathus commodities in herbal markets were collected,and the origin base of Syngnathus commodities was determined through morphological characteristics and DNA molecule identification.Results:There were 11 species of origin including Solenognathus hardwickii(Gray,1830),Syngnathoides biaculeatus (Bloch,1785),Syngnathus schlegeli (Kaup,1856),Doryichthys boaja(Bleeker,1850),Solegnathus lettiensis (Bleeker,1860),Solegnathus dunckeri (Whitley,1927),Solegnathus spinosissimus(Günther,1870),Trachyrhamphus serratus(Temminck et Schlegel,1847),Trachyrhamphus bicoarctatus(Bleeker,1857) and Halicampus grayi (Kaup,1856).The origin of S.lettiensis,S.dunckeri,T.bicoarctatus and T.longirostris was observed for the first time in commercial herbal markets.Conclusion:The method of DNA sequences analysis combined with morphological characteristics identification also provided a model of other market surveys and commodity origin identification study in Chinese herbal markets.