To observe the effects and functional mechanism of arterial catheter infusion cinobufacini injection combined with transhepatic arterial chemotherapy and embolization (TACE) on HIF-1α and VEGF of patients with primary liver cancer.Methods:A total of 90 patients with primary liver cancer patients were admitted and treated in Oncology Department and Liver Disease Department of Zhengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and they were randomly divided into two groups,treatment group (arterial catheter infusion cinobufotain +TACE),and control group(only TACE),with 45 cases in each group.The changes of HIF-1α and VEGF levels were evaluated 1 day before operation,1 day after operation,1 week after operation and 4 weeks after operation in both groups.Besides,disease control rate and tumor marker (AFP) were also evaluated before and after treatment.Results:The levels of HIF-1α and VEGF 1 day and 1 week after TACE operation in treatment group and control group were significantly higher than those 1 day before treatment (P<0.05),and recovered to the levels before operation after 4 weeks.Meanwhile,the levels of HIF-1α and VEGF 1 week after operation in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group,which had statistic significance (P<0.05).The disease control rate of treatment group (93.3%) was better than that in control group (75.6%) (P<0.05).There was statistically significant significance (P<0.05).The decrease of AFP in the treatment group was more significant than that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion:The method of arterial catheter infusion cinobufacini injection can increase the therapeutic effect of TACE on primary liver cancer and decrease the levels of HIF-1α and VEGF of patients,which was probably the mechanism of it.