世界中医药

目的：通过观察对比正常组与模型组（摘除松果体）金黄地鼠下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴（Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis，HPA轴）中褪黑素（Melatonin，MT）含量的季节性变化，进一步探讨“肾应冬，主封藏”的生物学机制，中医肾藏象的本质内涵及松果体在季节变化过程中的作用。方法：分别于春分、夏至、秋分、冬至日取出正常组与模型组金黄地鼠下丘脑、垂体、肾上腺组织，用酶联免疫吸附试验（Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay，ELISA）法检测各组织中MT含量。结果：金黄地鼠正常组下丘脑与垂体组织中MT含量均有季节性变化；金黄地鼠正常组的肾上腺组织的MT水平存在着明显的四季差异，而松果腺摘除时则导致肾上腺组织原有的MT季节节律消失。其中正常组下丘脑MT含量变化表达趋势为冬>夏>秋>春，模型组下丘脑MT含量变化表达趋势夏>秋>冬>春。正常组垂体中MT含量变化表现趋势为夏>春>冬>秋，模型组垂体中MT含量变化表现为夏>秋>春>冬。正常组肾上腺中MT含量变化表现趋势为冬>夏>秋>春，模型组肾上腺中MT含量变化表现为夏>春>秋>冬。结论：下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴各水平的褪黑素水平存在四季节律变化；松果体对于下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴中肾上腺水平的褪黑素季节变化规律有直接的影响；冬季肾上腺的褪黑素水平高于其他三季，表明冬季褪黑素对肾上腺的功能影响最强。

English Summary:

To further explore the biological mechanism of “kidney corresponding with winter and governing storage”,and the essential connotation of Kidney's Viscera Picture in Traditional Chinese Medicine and the role of pineal gland in the process of seasonal variations by observing and comparing the seasonal variation of the contents of melatonin (MT) in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) of golden hamsters between the normal group and the model group (Pinealectomy) Methods:Hypothalamus,pituitary and adrenal tissue were drawn from golden hamsters on spring equinox,summer solstice,autumn equinox and winter solstice and the contents of melatonin were determined by Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results:There was seasonal variation of MT level in the hypothalamus and pituitary tissue of hamsters in normal group; there was significant seasonal variation in the MT level of adrenal tissue in the normal group,while the seasonal rhythmicity of MT level of adrenal disappeared after pineal gland extirpation.The change trend of MT content in hypothalamus of normal group was winter>summer>autumn>spring,and the trend of expression of MT in hypothalamus of model group was summer>autumn>winter>spring.The change trend of MT content in the normal group was summer>spring>winter>autumn,while the content of MT in the model group was>summer>autumn>spring>winter.The change trend of MT content in normal group was winter>summer>autumn>spring,while the content of MT in adrenal gland of model group was>summer>spring>autumn>winter.Conclusion:Melatonin level had a seasonal pattern in various tissues of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; Pineal gland had a direct effect on the seasonal variation of melatonin in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis; The level of melatonin in the adrenal gland in winter was higher than that in the other three seasons,indicating that melatonin had the strongest effect on adrenal gland's function in winter.

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