To explore the effects of Chinese medicine fumigation combined with hyperbaric oxygenation on the anorectal dynamics and inflammatory cytokine of elderly patients after anorectal operation.Methods:A total of 132 cases of elderly patients treated with anorectal operation from Jun 2015 to Apr 2017 in Jiyuan Cancer Hospital were selected and divided randomly into observation group and control group，with 66 cases in each group.Control group were treated with routine medicine，and observation group were treated with Chinese medicine fumigation combined with hyperbaric oxygenation on the basis of control group.Both groups were treated for 15 days continuously.The clinical efficacy，wound healing condition and pain condition of 2 groups were compared; Statistical analysis of the anorectal dynamics and inflammatory cytokine of 2 groups before and after treatment was performed.Results:The total effective rates of observation group and control group were respectively 95.45%，84.85% after treatment，and observation group was obviously higher than control group (P<0.05).The times of wound healing，edema disappearing and exudate disappearing in observation group were obviously shorter than control group after treatment (P<0.01).Compared with before treatment，the numeric rating scales (NRS) scores of 2 groups decreased obviously after treatment，and observation group were obviously lower than control group (P<0.01).Compared with before treatment，the levels of AIRT，RRP of 2 groups decreased obviously after treatment，but the levels of MTV，HPZ，APWF，MSP and ARP of 2 groups increased obviously after treatment.There was significant difference between 2 groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared with before treatment，the levels of serum IL-6，IL-8，TNF-α，CRP and SAA of 2 groups decreased obviously after treatment，and observation group was obviously lower than control group (P<0.01).Conclusion:Chinese medicine fumigation combined with hyperbaric oxygenation can improve evidently the anorectal dynamics of elderly patients after anorectal operation，and reduce the level of inflammatory cytokine，promote the wound heal and relief the pain.The clinical efficacy is remarkable.