世界中医药

目的：探析苦苣菜水提物对小鼠的镇咳、祛痰和抗炎作用。方法：制备急性炎性反应小鼠模型，二甲苯致耳廓肿胀模型及角叉菜胶致足跖肿胀小鼠模型，根据随机对照法分为正常空白对照组、模型组、苦苣菜水提物剂量I组、苦苣菜水提物剂量II组、苦苣菜水提物剂量III组，每组均为10只，截取耳廓和足跖，测算肿胀度；制备及提取血清样本、组织液，应用ELISA法检测炎性因子的变化；比较5组小鼠的镇咳作用（咳嗽次数、潜伏期）；比较5组小鼠气管的酚红排泌量、苦苣菜水提物抗二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀程度；比较不同剂量苦苣菜水提物环加氧酶2（COX-2）、P38活化蛋白酶丝裂原（p38MARK）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素6（IL-6）含量的变化。结果：苦苣菜水提物I组、苦苣菜水提物II组、苦苣菜水提物III组、模型组与空白对照组比较其潜伏期、咳嗽次数均有降低，但苦苣菜水提物III组的咳嗽潜伏期、咳嗽次数显与空白对照组比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；苦苣菜水提物I组、苦苣菜水提物II组、苦苣菜水提物III组、模型组与空白对照组比较，其酚红排泌量均高于空白对照组，但苦苣菜水提物III组的酚红排泌量与空白对照组比较更显著，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；苦苣菜水提物I组、苦苣菜水提物II组、苦苣菜水提物III组与空白对照组比较，其抗二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀均有降低，但苦苣菜水提物III组更显著，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；不同剂量的苦苣菜水提物与空白对照组比较COX-2、P38MAPK、TNF-α、IL-6指标均有降低，但苦苣菜水提物III组的临床指标显著低于空白组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：苦苣菜水提物可不同程度的抑制炎性肿胀，其对急性炎性反应的保护作用可能与下调机体的COX-2、P38MAPK、IL-6、TNF-α等细胞因子和炎性反应介质的释放，以及调节机体有关炎性反应发生通路有关。

English Summary:

To investigate the effects of Sonchus oleraceus water extract on mice antitussive,expectorant and anti-inflammation.Methods:Acute inflammation,xylene induced auricle swelling model and carrageenan induced paw edema model were prepared and divided into normal control group,model group,water extract of Sonchus oleraceus dose I group,water extract of Sonchus oleraceus dose II group,water extract of Sonchus oleraceus dose III group according to the randomized control method.Each group had 10 mice,and the auricle and paw were intercepted to measure the degree of swelling; Serum samples and tissue fluid were prepared and extracted,and inflammatory factors changes were detected by ELISA.The antitussive effect (cough frequency,latency) of five groups was compared.The trachea phenolsulfonphthalein excretion quantity,and on ear swelling of mice induced by anti-xylene from water extract of Sonchus oleraceus of five groups were compared.The changes of aqueous extract of Sonchus oleraceus of cyclooxygenase 2(COX-2),P38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38MARK),tumor necrosis factorα (TNF-α),and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels were compared.Results:Compared with the blank control group,the latent period and the number of coughs were decreased in water extract of Sonchus oleraceus dose I group,water extract of Sonchus oleraceus dose II group,water extract of Sonchus oleraceus dose III group,and model group,but the cough latency and the number of coughs in water extract of Sonchus oleraceus dose III group showed significant difference compared with the blank control group.The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Compared with the blank control group,the excretion of phenol red was higher in water extract of Sonchus oleraceus dose I group,water extract of Sonchus oleraceus dose II group,water extract of Sonchus oleraceus dose III group and model group,but the excretion of phenol red in water extract of Sonchus oleraceus dose III group was more significant than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Compared with the blank control group,water extract of Sonchus oleraceus dose I group,water extract of Sonchus oleraceus dose II group,and water extract of Sonchus oleraceus dose III group reduced the ear swelling of mice caused by xylene,but water extract of Sonchus oleraceus dose III group was more significant.The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).In different doses of the aqueous extract of Sonchus oleraceus,the indexes of COX-2,P38MAPK,TNF-α,and IL-6 indices were decreased compared with the blank control group,but the clinical index in water extract of Sonchus oleraceus dose III group was significantly lower than that of the control group.The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion:Sonchus oleraceus water extract can inhibit the inflammatory swelling in different degrees.Its protective effect on acute inflammation may be related to the down-regulation of P38MAPK,IL-6,COX-2,TNF-αand other cytokines and inflammatory mediators,as well as the regulation of the body's inflammatory pathways.

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