世界中医药

作者	单位
王旭1,2，李西文2，陈士林2，孟祥霄2，何学良3，高致明4	1 湖北中医药大学药学院,武汉,430065； 2 中国中医科学院中药研究所,北京,100700； 3 保和堂（焦作）制药有限公司,焦作,454850； 4 河南农业大学农学院,郑州,450002

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中文摘要:

产于古怀庆府一带的道地药材地黄、牛膝、山药、菊花，习称“四大怀药”。由于老产区土壤质量下降、产区面积萎缩、品种退化、病虫害严重及滥用化肥农药等问题突出，导致生产的药材农残及重金属超标严重。为解决以上问题，本研究对“四大怀药”的无公害栽培技术进行探讨，提出利用GIS生态适宜性区划系统指导栽培选地、结合“土壤消毒+绿肥回田+菌剂调控”的土壤复合改良措施整地、利用现代育种技术开展抗性品种选育、制定种子种苗标准、实行有机肥为主的“基肥+追肥+叶面肥”的施肥模式以及病虫害的综合防治等关键技术为一体的“四大怀药”无公害栽培体系，该体系可为无公害“四大怀药”的生产提供指导，同时为其他中药材的无公害栽培体系提供参考。

English Summary:

Rehmanniae Radix,Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix,Dioscoreae Rhizoma and Chrysanthemi Flos are four types of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Because their original producing area is Huaiqingfu in ancient times,therefore were named “Four-Huaiqing Chinese medicine”.Due to the problems of declining soil quality,shrinking acreage of cultivation fields,deterioration of varieties,excessive use of chemical fertilizers,serious diseases and insect pests,agricultural residues and heavy metal issues are serious.It is significantly essential to solve these problems by carrying out the pollution-free cultivation of “Four-Huaiqing Chinese medicine”.This paper proposed a pollution-free cultivation system,including Geographic Information System (GIS) to guide land selection,combined with the “soil disinfection+green manure return+biological agents regulation” for soil preparation,modern breeding technology to develop the resistant variety breeding,seed seedling standard formulation,mainly organic fertilizer and integrated pest management.The system will provide a guidance for the production of pollution-free “Four-Huaiqing Chinese medicine” and reference for the pollution-free cultivation system of other Chinese medicinal materials.

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